Advancing optical lattice clocks: From cryogenic silicon cavities to superexchange interactions

Optical lattice clocks provide a testbed for a wide range of science spanning from studies
of fundamental physics to probing novel many-body states. To improve clock precision,
probing increasingly many atoms for the longest coherence times affordable is necessary. In
this thesis, we summarize coherently interrogating atoms trapped in a three-dimensional
optical lattice via an ultrastable laser to understand and advance clock precision. With a
Fermi-degenerate gas of strontium atoms, we perform seconds long clock spectroscopy to
probe Fermi-Hubbard physics and thus understand the effects of superexchange interactions
on our coherence time. Along with advancing clock metrology, this work provides a groundwork
for using optical lattice clocks to probe quantum magnetism and spin entanglement.