Crosslisted as: PHYS 4550/5550
Instructor: Thomas Perkins, tperkins@colorado.edu
Straightforward application of classical Newtonian physics does a poor job of providing insight into biological processes. This course will develop a simple description of the biophysics governing the motion of molecules inside of cells. This course starts with an overview of the physics that governs molecular motors, the cytoskeleton and, more generally, proteins inside of the cell as well as a review of single molecule techniques. Topics covered will include diffusion, entropy, chemical energy, polymers, intermolecular forces, cytoskeleton, molecular motors, and single-molecule techniques. Each student will give two oral presentations on journal articles. Problem sets will provide a quantitative understanding of the topics discussed. A final paper will be required that addresses a critical question in biophysics and/or outlines a proposed experimental approach to answer the question, or a design project to address a biomedical application.
Prereq, CHEM 1131 or 1171, physics 2010, 2020, MCDB 3120, or instructor consent.
Recommended prereq., Math 1300 and/or CHEM 3311. Same as MCDB 5550.
Grade determination:
15% Participation in class discussion
30% Oral presentation
25% Problem sets
30% Final paper
Presentations:
Each student will give two oral presentations, typically in teams, on the primary literature reading assignments. These presentations will be followed by a discussion led by the presenting student(s) to critically analyze the reading material.
Paper:
Each student will write a 6-8 page paper (10-12 for graduate students) that either proposes (i) an experiment using biophysical techniques with quantitative estimates, (ii) a critique of a set of papers, (iii) a design project (upon approval by the instructor) or (iv) a topic mutually agreed upon between the student and the instructor. Paper is due May 2nd by 5 PM.
Texts (required for course):
Mechanics of Motor Proteins and the Cytoskeleton by Jonathon Howard, 2001
Texts (supplementary information):
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (any edition), By Alberts, et al.,
--A good, encyclopedic biology text book. Very good for learning vocabulary but a little dry - Biochemistry (any edition), By Berg, Tymoczko, Stryer, or equivalent
- Physical Biology of the Cell, 2nd Edition, Phillips et al. (Excellent but more advanced)
Office Hours
Time: Wednesday 2-3 pm
Office: JILA A503
Syllabus
Week |
Tuesday |
Thursday |
1: 1/16-18 |
Introduction |
Random walks & mechanical forces |
2: 1/23-25 |
Cytoskeletal filaments and their mechanics |
Motor proteins |
3: 1/30-2/1 |
Single-molecule techniques: Atomic force microscopy (Neuman et al, 2008), |
Guest lecture: Prof. Dick McIntosh (MCDB) |
4: 2/6-8 |
Mass, stiffness, and damping of a protein |
Thermal forces & diffusion |
5: 2/13-15 |
Single-Molecule Techniques: Fluorescence |
|
6: 2/20-22 |
Single-molecule techniques: Optical traps and applications to molecular motors (Perkins, 2009, & Perkins, 2014) |
Presentation Example:: Hua et al., Distinguishing inchworm and hand-over-hand processive kinesin movement by neck rotation measurements |
7: 2/27-29 |
Chemical forces |
Group 1 Presentation: Asbury et al., Kinesin moves by an asymmetric hand over hand mechanism |
8: 3/5-7 |
Group 2 Presentation: Yildiz et al., Kinesin walks hand over hand |
Group 3 Presentation: Wolff et al, MINFLUX dissects the unimpeded walking of kinesin-1 |
9: 3/12-14 |
Nanomechanics of DNA and nucleic acid hairpins |
Group 4 Presentation: Wang and Ha, Defining Single Molecular Forces required to activate Integrin and Notch Signaling |
10: 3/19-21 |
Single-molecule technique: mass photometry |
Group 5 Presentation: Zhang, et al., DNA-based digital tension probes reveal integrin forces during early cell adhesion |
3/26-28 |
Spring Break |
Spring Break |
11: 4/2-4 |
Polymerization |
Single-molecule technique: magnetic tweezers |
12: 4/9-11 |
Active polymerization |
ATP hydrolysis, steps and forces |
13: 4/16-18 |
Group 1 Presentation: Newton et al., DNA stretching induces Cas9 off-target activity |
Group 2 Presentation: Kerssemakers et al, Assembly dynamics of microtubules at molecular resolution |
14: 4/23-25 |
Group 3 Presentation: Asbury et al., Dam1 kinetochore complex harnesses microtubule dynamics to produce force and movement |
Group 4 Presentation: LeBlanc et al., Type III secretion system effector proteins are mechanically labile |
15: 4/30-5/2 |
Group 5 Presentation: Zhao & Woodside, Mechanical strength of RNA knots in Zika virus protects against cellular defenses |
Summary: |
Classroom Behavior
Students and faculty are responsible for maintaining an appropriate learning environment in all instructional settings, whether in person, remote, or online. Failure to adhere to such behavioral standards may be subject to discipline. Professional courtesy and sensitivity are especially important with respect to individuals and topics dealing with race, color, national origin, sex, pregnancy, age, disability, creed, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, veteran status, political affiliation, or political philosophy.
For more information, see the classroom behavior policy, the Student Code of Conduct, and the Office of Institutional Equity and Compliance.
Requirements for Infectious Disease
Members of the CU Boulder community and visitors to campus must follow university, department, and building health and safety requirements and all applicable campus policies and public health guidelines to reduce the risk of spreading infectious diseases. If public health conditions require, the university may also invoke related requirements for student conduct and disability accommodation that will apply to this class.
If you feel ill and think you might have COVID-19 or if you have tested positive for COVID-19, please stay home and follow the guidance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for isolation and testing. If you have been in close contact with someone who has COVID-19 but do not have any symptoms and have not tested positive for COVID-19, you do not need to stay home but should follow the guidance of the CDC for masking and testing.
Accommodation for Disabilities, Temporary Medical Conditions, and Medical Isolation
If you qualify for accommodations because of a disability, please submit your accommodation letter from Disability Services to your faculty member in a timely manner so that your needs can be addressed. Disability Services determines accommodations based on documented disabilities in the academic environment. Information on requesting accommodations is located on the Disability Services website. Contact Disability Services at 303-492-8671 or dsinfo@colorado.edu for further assistance. If you have a temporary medical condition, see Temporary Medical Conditions on the Disability Services website.
If you have a required medical isolation for which you require adjustment, please contact Dr. Perkins by email.
Preferred Student Names and Pronouns
CU Boulder recognizes that students' legal information doesn't always align with how they identify. Students may update their preferred names and pronouns via the student portal; those preferred names and pronouns are listed on instructors' class rosters. In the absence of such updates, the name that appears on the class roster is the student's legal name.
Honor Code
All students enrolled in a University of Colorado Boulder course are responsible for knowing and adhering to the Honor Code. Violations of the Honor Code may include but are not limited to: plagiarism (including use of paper writing services or technology [such as essay bots]), cheating, fabrication, lying, bribery, threat, unauthorized access to academic materials, clicker fraud, submitting the same or similar work in more than one course without permission from all course instructors involved, and aiding academic dishonesty.
All incidents of academic misconduct will be reported to Student Conduct & Conflict Resolution: honor@colorado.edu, 303-492-5550. Students found responsible for violating the Honor Code will be assigned resolution outcomes from the Student Conduct & Conflict Resolution as well as be subject to academic sanctions from the faculty member. Visit Honor Code for more information on the academic integrity policy.
Sexual Misconduct, Discrimination, Harassment and/or Related Retaliation
CU Boulder is committed to fostering an inclusive and welcoming learning, working, and living environment. University policy prohibits protected-class discrimination and harassment, sexual misconduct (harassment, exploitation, and assault), intimate partner violence (dating or domestic violence), stalking, and related retaliation by or against members of our community on- and off-campus. These behaviors harm individuals and our community. The Office of Institutional Equity and Compliance (OIEC) addresses these concerns, and individuals who have been subjected to misconduct can contact OIEC at 303-492-2127 or email cureport@colorado.edu. Information about university policies, reporting options, and support resources can be found on the OIEC website.
Please know that faculty and graduate instructors must inform OIEC when they are made aware of incidents related to these policies regardless of when or where something occurred. This is to ensure that individuals impacted receive outreach from OIEC about resolution options and support resources. To learn more about reporting and support for a variety of concerns, visit the Don’t Ignore It page.
Religious Accommodations
Campus policy requires faculty to provide reasonable accommodations for students who, because of religious obligations, have conflicts with scheduled exams, assignments or required attendance. Please communicate the need for a religious accommodation in a timely manner. In this class, please contact Dr. Perkins at least 2 weeks ahead of the holiday.
See the campus policy regarding religious observances for full details.
Mental Health and Wellness
The University of Colorado Boulder is committed to the well-being of all students. If you are struggling with personal stressors, mental health or substance use concerns that are impacting academic or daily life, please contact Counseling and Psychiatric Services (CAPS) located in C4C or call (303) 492-2277, 24/7.
Free and unlimited telehealth is also available through Academic Live Care. The Academic Live Care site also provides information about additional wellness services on campus that are available to students.