TY - JOUR
AU - Yunqi Li
AU - Wan Li
AU - Michal Wojcik
AU - Bowen Wang
AU - Liang-Chun Lin
AU - Markus Raschke
AU - Ke Xu
AB - The reaction of monolayer graphene with aryl diazonium salts is a popular approach for functionalizing graphene under ambient conditions. We here apply interference reflection microscopy (IRM), a label-free optical technique, to study the in situ reaction dynamics of the representative diazonium reaction of graphene with 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (4-NBD) at high spatiotemporal resolution and further correlate results with atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and infrared scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy. Interestingly, we find the reaction to be significantly promoted by a low (0.5 W/cm<sup>2</sup>) level of blue visible light, whereas at the same intensity level, red light has negligible effects on reaction rate. We further report rich spatial heterogeneities for the reaction, including enhanced reactivity at graphene edges and an unexpected flake-to-flake variation in reaction rate. Moreover, we demonstrate direct photopatterning for the 4-NBD functionalization, achieving 400 nm patterning resolution.
BT - The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
DA - 2019-08
DO - 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02225
N2 - The reaction of monolayer graphene with aryl diazonium salts is a popular approach for functionalizing graphene under ambient conditions. We here apply interference reflection microscopy (IRM), a label-free optical technique, to study the in situ reaction dynamics of the representative diazonium reaction of graphene with 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (4-NBD) at high spatiotemporal resolution and further correlate results with atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and infrared scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy. Interestingly, we find the reaction to be significantly promoted by a low (0.5 W/cm<sup>2</sup>) level of blue visible light, whereas at the same intensity level, red light has negligible effects on reaction rate. We further report rich spatial heterogeneities for the reaction, including enhanced reactivity at graphene edges and an unexpected flake-to-flake variation in reaction rate. Moreover, we demonstrate direct photopatterning for the 4-NBD functionalization, achieving 400 nm patterning resolution.
PY - 2019
SP - 4788
EP - 4793
T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
TI - Light-Assisted Diazonium Functionalization of Graphene and Spatial Heterogeneities in Reactivity
UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02225
SN - 1948-7185
ER -