Performing innovative research at a small instrument manufacturer requires a mindset that is somewhat different from the work in academia. In addition to the scientific value of the work, consideration of economic factors and especially a strong focus on the target application is vital to success. The goal of this presentation is to give the audience a feel for the differences between academic and industrial research, including working with industrial customers, applying for government grants for small businesses, and balancing work and life in a small company like Tiger Optics and in a city like Philadelphia.